I’m a U.S. citizen living in the UAE. Can a TRC reduce my U.S. taxes?

A UAE TRC doesn’t change U.S. federal tax obligations. There is no U.S.–UAE income tax treaty, and the U.S. generally taxes its citizens on their worldwide income, regardless of where they live. A TRC may still help with non-U.S. counterparties, but it won’t by itself reduce U.S. tax.